Rooftop architecture building on an elevated surface pdf

Proportion 2. Balance 3. Scale 4 Axis 4. Rhythm 5 y 6. Hierarchy 7. The relationship between different things or parts with respect to comparative size, number, oor degree deg ee The interrelationship p of all pparts of an arrangement.

It depends on the function. It depends on the manufacturing process. As they are produced as a bulk product. KEN 4. SCALE 7. Because the ratio of its length to its width is the Golden Ratio! For centuries, designers of art and architecture have recognized the significance of the Golden Ratio in their work. He introduced in The Book of Calculating 2.

Series begins with 0 and 1 3. Next number is found by adding the last y g two numbers together 4. Number obtained is the next number in the series 5. Anthropometry plays an important role in industrial design, clothing design, ergonomics and architecture where ergonomics and architecture where statistical data about the distribution of body dimensions in the population are used to optimize products.

Changes in life styles, nutrition and ethnic composition of populations lead to changes in the distribution of body dimensions and require regular updating of anthropometric data collections. Axis is a linear condition it is a linear condition it has length , direction. Can be terminated at both ends by means of forms or space.

It can be reinforced by defining edges along its defining edges along its length. Gateway Arch, Memorial in St.

Symmetry is the balanced distribution and is the balanced distribution and arrangement of equivalent forms and spaces on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane or opposite sides of a dividing line or plane or about a center or axis. Symmetry is the one of modes of orderliness 3. Symmetry arouses visual stability. A symmetrical object is better organized and retained in memory. An axis can exist with out symmetry but symmetrical condition can not exist without axis and center about which it is structured and center about which it is structured.

Two types Bilateral symmetry In bilateral symmetry, the halves of a composition mirror each other. Radial symmetry Refers to the balanced arrangement of similar radiating elements such that the composition can be divided into similar halves by passing a plane at any angle around a center point along a center axis.

A compositions can be symmetrical. A symmetrical condition can occur in only a portion of the building and organize an irregular pattern of forms and space about itself. Spiral 1. Frontal 1 2. Projected 3. Recessed 1. Ahemedabad , lecorbusier M. Grid organizing element. Curvilinear z 2 sets of parallel or segmented, have branches or paths that intersect form a loop. Network common p point. Spiral established paths.

Various types: 1. Straight-run Stair 2. L-Shaped Stair 3. U-Shaped Stair 4. Circular Stair 5. Unity creates a feeling of wholeness. Unity is usually achieved when the parts complement each other in a way where they have something in common.

Unity can be achieved by use of the same color, or different tints of it, or using a similar graphic style for illustrations. Texture 2. Color hue and tone 3. Direction 4. Proportion 5. Solid and void 6. Fish and birds have simplicity of forms. Simple buildings produce such an effect. The dominant element will advance into the foreground in a advance into the foreground in a composition. One of the aspect of dominance is One of the aspect of dominance is emphasis and vitality.

Vitality It is provided mainly by contrast. It is provided mainly by contrast. Pedregal Shopping Centre , in Mexico Radial in nature, the building Radial in nature the building responds to the delicate surrounding environment.

Huski Apartments, U. Serpentine Gallery Pavilion in London. Technical information - site plan - plans, plans sections, sections elevations - interior and exterior perspectives 2. An experimental form probably of prayer , peace and inner joy. An experimental form probably Inspired by the landscape. Thus it exhibits implicit bond with the past. Bibliography Francis D. Pramar, Design Fundamentals in Architecture, V.

JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. The land in big cities has be used more intensively, but the possibilities are limited. One of the leading options for the future is the use of the flat roofs of residential buildings and office blocks as a building site. Rooftop buildings can intensify the existing city, inject it with new vitality and break through the monofunctionality of a neighbourhood.

So far the exploitation of rooftop space has been incidental. This book analyses and describes the opportunities for realizing projects of this kind, as well as the potential difficulties, using interesting examples of construction on top of existing buildings in the Netherlands and abroad. It will therefore be influential in establishing a benchmark for architecture and urban planning that is a necessity if rooftop architecture is to have a serious future.

NAi Boekverkopers voor inspiratie en informatie op het gebied van architectuur, stedenbouw, landschap en design.